DISEASES OF THE HEART AND BLOOD CIRCULATION: THE HEART-THE BLOOD CIRCULATION
The arteries and veins refer changes affecting the whole system to the third lesser zone = Blood zone. In the observation of this zone special attention is given to light or dark colouring. A strong lightening of this zone over the entire iris indicates that the blood is heavily laden with uric acid; whereas a darkening, or several large usually somewhat obliterated weakness-signs, extending to the muscle zone, indicate general circulatory and muscle weakness. The patient feels tired, sleepy and inefficient (hypotonia).
Small dark point-like signs in the blood zone constitute a danger signal. They indicate that the state of the blood is not good. The protective function is lacking in that the leucocytes are no longer being adequately provided. In such a case, the patient should be warned before every proposed operation. Iris illustration 10 shows these dark spots distributed over the whole iris, as well as in the blood and muscle zones. The lymph glands are no longer able to function.
If the blood zone in the upper half of the iris is much lighter, while the lower half is dark, it indicates congestion of the head and ischaemia of the intestines. Reverse these signs in the iris, and there is ischaemia of the brain and hyperaemia of the abdomen.
In this chapter the condition of arteriosclerosis should be discussed, since in our civilised countries hardly anyone will escape its influence. It appears in all individuals sooner or
Jater—more or less pronounced, and shows itself by affecting those organs which the mode of life has most strongly stressed. In the iris it is shown by whitish-grey to whitish-yellow deposits, mainly in the skin zone. Often this becomes an arcus senilis, a characteristic arc around the entire iris obscuring the iris structure. The arcus senilis enables one to assess the biological age of the patient concerned.
In the alcoholic, the arteriosclerosis ring is particularly strongly indicated in the areas for liver and spleen. With mental workers, it is marked in the brain sector. Where there is C-N-S sclerosis we find a sharp white neurasthenic ring clearly indicated. Coronary sclerosis has been described above under heart signs.
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